Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a vital medical procedure utilized for the examination of the large intestine (colon) and the rectum. It involves the use of a flexible, slender tube called a colonoscope, which is equipped with a small camera and light at its tip. During the procedure, the colonoscope is gently inserted through the rectum and advanced along the length of the colon, allowing for direct visualization of the intestinal lining.

Colonoscopy serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including the detection and removal of polyps (abnormal growths), evaluation of symptoms such as rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, or unexplained abdominal pain, as well as screening for colorectal cancer. It is considered the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening due to its ability to detect precancerous lesions early, potentially preventing the development of cancer or allowing for its early treatment.

The procedure is typically performed under sedation to ensure patient comfort, and it generally takes around 30 to 60 minutes to complete. Patients may experience mild discomfort or bloating afterward, but these symptoms usually resolve quickly.

Colonoscopy plays a crucial role in preventive healthcare, as early detection of colorectal cancer and its precursors can significantly improve patient outcomes.